Hospital-acquired infection and viral hepatitis

Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are a group of infectious diseases acquired after admission to hospital. Sometimes it is called health care associated infections (HCAI). The infection can originate from the outside environment, another infected patient, infected staff, patient himself, or in some cases, the source of the infection cannot be determined. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is an acute lower respiratory tract infection which includes ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). The two conditions account for more than 20% of total HAI.

Prevention can be focused on issues related to infection control, avoidance of certain procedures/exposures, and specific management strategies.

1. List diseases of public health importance in this group
2. List the main clinical features of each disease
3. Identify the disease specific agent, reservoir and susceptible human host
4. Describe the transmission dynamics
5. Describe the life cycle of the disease
6. Estimate the disease burden and analyze its determinants
7. Review the concept of infection control and hand washing
8. List the recommended control methods and assess the possibility of elimination or eradication